Excel经验谈
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PHP导入导出Excel方法小结
最近因项目需要，需要开发一个模块，把系统中的一些数据导出成Excel，修改后再导回系统。就趁机对这个研究了一番，下面进行一些总结。
基本上导出的文件分为两种：
1：类Excel格式，这个其实不是传统意义上的Excel文件，只是因为Excel的兼容能力强，能够正确打开而已。修改这种文件后再保存，通常会提示你是否要转换成Excel文件。
优点：简单。
缺点：难以生成格式，如果用来导入需要自己分别编写相应的程序。
2：Excel格式，与类Excel相对应，这种方法生成的文件更接近于真正的Excel格式。
如果导出中文时出现乱码，可以尝试将字符串转换成gb2312，例如下面就把$yourStr从utf-8转换成了gb2312:
$yourStr = mb_convert_encoding(\"gb2312\", \"UTF-8\", $yourStr);
下面详细列举几种方法。
一、PHP导出Excel
1：第一推荐无比风骚的PHPExcel，官方网站： http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel
导入导出都成，可以导出office2007格式，同时兼容2003。
下载下来的包中有文档和例子，大家可以自行研究。
抄段例子出来：
<?php
/**
* PHPExcel
*
* Copyright (C) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel
*
* This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
* modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
* version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
*
* This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
* Lesser General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
* License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
*
* @category PHPExcel
* @package PHPExcel
* @copyright Copyright (c) 2006 - 2007 PHPExcel ( http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel)
* @license http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.txt LGPL
* @version 1.5.0, 2007-10-23
*/
/** Error reporting */
error_reporting(E_ALL);
/** Include path **/
set_include_path(get_include_path() . PATH_SEPARATOR . \'../Classes/\');
/** PHPExcel */
include \'PHPExcel.php\';
/** PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007 */
include \'PHPExcel/Writer/Excel2007.php\';
// Create new PHPExcel object
echo date(\'H:i:s\') . \" Create new PHPExcel object\\n\";
$objPHPExcel = new PHPExcel();
// Set properties
echo date(\'H:i:s\') . \" Set properties\\n\";
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCreator(\"Maarten Balliauw\");
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setLastModifiedBy(\"Maarten Balliauw\");
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setTitle(\"Office 2007 XLSX Test Document\");
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setSubject(\"Office 2007 XLSX Test Document\");
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setDescrīption(\"Test document for Office 2007 XLSX, generated using PHP classes.\");
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setKeywords(\"office 2007 openxml php\");
$objPHPExcel->getProperties()->setCategory(\"Test result file\");
// Add some data
echo date(\'H:i:s\') . \" Add some data\\n\";
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'A1\', \'Hello\');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'B2\', \'world!\');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'C1\', \'Hello\');
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setCellValue(\'D2\', \'world!\');
// Rename sheet
echo date(\'H:i:s\') . \" Rename sheet\\n\";
$objPHPExcel->getActiveSheet()->setTitle(\'Simple\');
// Set active sheet index to the first sheet, so Excel opens this as the first sheet
$objPHPExcel->setActiveSheetIndex(0);
// Save Excel 2007 file
echo date(\'H:i:s\') . \" Write to Excel2007 format\\n\";
$objWriter = new PHPExcel_Writer_Excel2007($objPHPExcel);
$objWriter->save(str_replace(\'.php\', \'.xlsx\', __FILE__));
// Echo done
echo date(\'H:i:s\') . \" Done writing file.\\r\\n\";
2、使用pear的Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer类
下载地址： http://pear.php.net/package/Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer
此类依赖于OLE,下载地址：http://pear.php.net/package/OLE
需要注意的是导出的Excel文件格式比较老，修改后保存会提示是否转换成更新的格式。
不过可以设定格式，很强大。
<?php
require_once \'Spreadsheet/Excel/Writer.php\';
// Creating a workbook
$workbook = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Writer();
// sending HTTP headers
$workbook->send(\'test.xls\');
// Creating a worksheet
$worksheet =& $workbook->addWorksheet(\'My first worksheet\');
// The actual data
$worksheet->write(0, 0, \'Name\');
$worksheet->write(0, 1, \'Age\');
$worksheet->write(1, 0, \'John Smith\');
$worksheet->write(1, 1, 30);
$worksheet->write(2, 0, \'Johann Schmidt\');
$worksheet->write(2, 1, 31);
$worksheet->write(3, 0, \'Juan Herrera\');
$worksheet->write(3, 1, 32);
// Let\'s send the file
$workbook->close();
?>
3:利用smarty，生成符合Excel规范的XML或HTML文件
支持格式，非常完美的导出方案。不过导出来的的本质上还是XML文件，如果用来导入就需要另外处理了。
详细内容请见rardge大侠的帖子：http://bbs.chinaunix.net/viewthread.php?tid=745757
需要注意的是如果导出的表格行数不确定时，最好在模板中把\"ss:ExpandedColumnCount=\"5\" ss:ExpandedRowCount=\"21\"\"之类的东西删掉。
4、利用pack函数打印出模拟Excel格式的断句符号，这种更接近于Excel标准格式，用office2003修改后保存，还不会弹出提示，推荐用这种方法。
缺点是无格式。
<?php
// Send Header
header(\"Pragma: public\");
header(\"Expires: 0\");
header(\"Cache-Control: must-revalidate, post-check=0, pre-check=0\");
header(\"Content-Type: application/force-download\");
header(\"Content-Type: application/octet-stream\");
header(\"Content-Type: application/download\");;
header(\"Content-Disposition: attachment;filename=test.xls \");
header(\"Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary \");
// XLS Data Cell
xlsBOF();
xlsWriteLabel(1,0,\"My excel line one\");
xlsWriteLabel(2,0,\"My excel line two : \");
xlsWriteLabel(2,1,\"Hello everybody\");
xlsEOF();
function xlsBOF() {
echo pack(\"ssssss\", 0x809, 0x8, 0x0, 0x10, 0x0, 0x0);
return;
}
function xlsEOF() {
echo pack(\"ss\", 0x0A, 0x00);
return;
}
function xlsWriteNumber($Row, $Col, $Value) {
echo pack(\"sssss\", 0x203, 14, $Row, $Col, 0x0);
echo pack(\"d\", $Value);
return;
}
function xlsWriteLabel($Row, $Col, $Value ) {
$L = strlen($Value);
echo pack(\"ssssss\", 0x204, 8 + $L, $Row, $Col, 0x0, $L);
echo $Value;
return;
}
?>
不过笔者在64位linux系统中使用时失败了，断句符号全部变成了乱码。
5、使用制表符、换行符的方法
制表符\"\\t\"用户分割同一行中的列，换行符\"\\t\\n\"可以开启下一行。
<?php
header(\"Content-Type: application/vnd.ms-execl\");
header(\"Content-Disposition: attachment; filename=myExcel.xls\");
header(\"Pragma: no-cache\");
header(\"Expires: 0\");
/*first line*/
echo \"hello\".\"\\t\";
echo \"world\".\"\\t\";
echo \"\\t\\n\";
/*start of second line*/
echo \"this is second line\".\"\\t\";
echo \"Hi,pretty girl\".\"\\t\";
echo \"\\t\\n\";
?>
6、使用com
如果你的PHP可以开启com模块，就可以用它来导出Excel文件
<?PHP
$filename = \"c:/spreadhseet/test.xls\";
$sheet1 = 1;
$sheet2 = \"sheet2\";
$excel_app = new COM(\"Excel.application\") or Die (\"Did not connect\");
print \"Application name: {$excel_app->Application->value}\\n\" ;
print \"Loaded version: {$excel_app->Application->version}\\n\";
$Workbook = $excel_app->Workbooks->Open(\"$filename\") or Die(\"Did not open $filename $Workbook\");
$Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet1);
$Worksheet->activate;
$excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range(\"C4\");
$excel_cell->activate;
$excel_result = $excel_cell->value;
print \"$excel_result\\n\";
$Worksheet = $Workbook->Worksheets($sheet2);
$Worksheet->activate;
$excel_cell = $Worksheet->Range(\"C4\");
$excel_cell->activate;
$excel_result = $excel_cell->value;
print \"$excel_result\\n\";
#To close all instances of excel:
$Workbook->Close;
unset($Worksheet);
unset($Workbook);
$excel_app->Workbooks->Close();
$excel_app->Quit();
unset($excel_app);
?>
一个更好的例子： http://blog.chinaunix.net/u/16928/showart_387171.html
一、PHP导入Excel
1：还是用PHPExcel，官方网站： http://www.codeplex.com/PHPExcel。
2：使用PHP-ExcelReader,下载地址: http://sourceforge.net/projects/phpexcelreader
举例：
<?php
require_once \'Excel/reader.php\';
// ExcelFile($filename, $encoding);
$data = new Spreadsheet_Excel_Reader();
// Set output Encoding.
$data->setOutputEncoding(\'utf8\');
$data->read(\' jxlrwtest.xls\');
error_reporting(E_ALL ^ E_NOTICE);
for ($i = 1; $i <= $data->sheets[0][\'numRows\']; $i++) {
for ($j = 1; $j <= $data->sheets[0][\'numCols\']; $j++) {
echo \"\\\"\".$data->sheets[0][\'cells\'][$i][$j].\"\\\",\";
}
echo \"\\n\";
}
?>
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